What is one potential outcome of mediation in civil disputes?

One potential outcome of mediation in civil disputes is a mutual agreement between the parties. Mediation is a process specifically designed to encourage dialogue and negotiation to help disputing parties reach a settlement that is acceptable to both. Unlike a court trial where a judge imposes a ruling, mediation allows the involved parties to collaboratively discuss their issues and explore solutions that they agree upon.

The emphasis on mutual agreement is crucial because it fosters a sense of ownership and commitment from both parties, as they are actively involved in the resolution process rather than having a decision made for them. This approach can lead to more satisfactory outcomes and help preserve relationships, which is particularly important in civil cases where ongoing interactions may be necessary.

The other options do not align with the primary goals and processes of mediation. A court trial is typically avoided in mediation, and no definitive ruling by a judge or formal criminal charges are part of the mediation process, which focuses solely on reaching an agreement rather than adjudication or penalization.